Gastrointestinal symptoms in the peri- and postmenopause: a protocol for a scoping review

Abstract

Objective: This scoping review aims to systematically map research on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in the peri- and postmenopause, with consideration of the extent of available evidence, how research has been conducted, and the variables studied that could influence women’s experiences of GI symptoms.

Introduction Perimenopause is a phase that starts before a woman’s final menstrual period and ends 12 months afterwards. This phase has been associated with a range of symptoms that may impact quality of life. However, researchers argue there are significant gaps in knowledge about (peri)menopause, with GI symptoms proposed as one such area of uncertainty. Exploratory searches identified studies with conflicting results, few systematic reviews, and a lack of inclusion of GI symptoms in menopause guidelines.

Inclusion criteria Primary or secondary research investigating self-reported GI symptoms (nausea, vomiting, bloating, abdominal pain, constipation, gastroesophageal reflux, and faecal incontinence) during peri- or postmenopause will be included.

Methods JBI scoping review methodology will be used to systematically search, select, and extract data from relevant studies. Results from comprehensive searches of 10 bibliographic databases, grey literature and citation-chasing will be assessed for relevance against pre-specified criteria. A standardized template will be used to extract data applicable to review objectives. An additional reviewer will assist with study selection and data extraction, minimising potential for bias or error.

Data will be analysed using descriptive statistics, and presented in tables and diagrams, providing a summary of available research and evidence gaps. This will enable researchers and funders to identify where future research is needed on GI symptoms in the peri- and postmenopause.